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Dough

Hydration, fermentation, flour types, and the science behind great crust.

Why Your Pizza Dough Isn't Rising: 10 Fixes

Why Your Pizza Dough Isn't Rising: 10 Fixes

Your dough has been sitting on the counter for three hours and it looks exactly the same as when you mixed it. No bubbles, no expansion, no life....

Water for Pizza Dough: Mineral Content, pH, and Whether It Matters

Water for Pizza Dough: Mineral Content, pH, and Whether It Matters

Water is the second-largest ingredient in pizza dough by weight. It constitutes 55-75% of the flour weight in most formulas. And yet, no ingredient...

W-Value and P/L Ratio: Reading Italian Flour Specs

W-Value and P/L Ratio: Reading Italian Flour Specs

Protein percentage is the metric American bakers know. It's printed on every bag, discussed in every recipe, and used as shorthand for flour strength....

Sourdough Pizza Dough: Adapting Your Starter for Pizza

Sourdough Pizza Dough: Adapting Your Starter for Pizza

If you maintain a sourdough starter for bread, you already have the most powerful flavor tool available for pizza dough. Sourdough pizza produces a...

Scaling Pizza Dough for Parties: Batch Sizes, Timing, and Logistics

Scaling Pizza Dough for Parties: Batch Sizes, Timing, and Logistics

Making pizza for two people is technique. Making pizza for twenty people is logistics. The dough science does not change when you scale up. Everything...

What Does Salt Actually Do in Pizza Dough?

What Does Salt Actually Do in Pizza Dough?

Salt is one of four ingredients in the simplest pizza dough, yet it's doing more work than the other three combined. Remove the yeast and your dough...

Poolish, Biga, and Preferments for Pizza Dough

Poolish, Biga, and Preferments for Pizza Dough

A preferment is a portion of the final dough's flour and water, mixed with a small amount of yeast, and fermented hours before you make the dough...

Pizza Dough Troubleshooting: Sticky, Tough, Dense, or Bland

Pizza Dough Troubleshooting: Sticky, Tough, Dense, or Bland

Most pizza dough problems fall into four categories: sticky, tough, dense, or bland. Each has specific causes rooted in the interaction between flour,...

Pizza Dough Recipe by Weight: 4 Formulas for 4 Styles

Pizza Dough Recipe by Weight: 4 Formulas for 4 Styles

Cups and tablespoons are the enemy of consistent pizza dough. A "cup of flour" can weigh anywhere from 120g to 160g depending on how you scoop it. That...

Pizza Dough Kneading: Hand vs. Stand Mixer vs. No-Knead

Pizza Dough Kneading: Hand vs. Stand Mixer vs. No-Knead

There are three fundamentally different ways to develop gluten in pizza dough, and they produce noticeably different crusts. Hand mixing gives you...

Pizza Dough Hydration Guide: What Percentage Should You Use?

Pizza Dough Hydration Guide: What Percentage Should You Use?

Hydration is the single number that determines more about your pizza than any other variable in your dough formula. It controls how the dough handles...

Pizza Dough Cold Fermentation: The Complete Guide

Pizza Dough Cold Fermentation: The Complete Guide

If there is one technique that separates memorable pizza from forgettable pizza, it is cold fermentation. Not better flour, not a more expensive oven,...

Overnight Pizza Dough: The Simplest Recipe That Works

Overnight Pizza Dough: The Simplest Recipe That Works

This is the gateway recipe. If you've never made pizza dough before, or if every recipe you've tried felt like too many steps, too many ingredients, or...

How Long to Proof Pizza Dough: Time, Temperature, and Signs

How Long to Proof Pizza Dough: Time, Temperature, and Signs

The most common question in home pizza making -- "how long should I proof my dough?" -- has no single answer. Proofing time depends on yeast quantity,...

Caputo Pizzeria vs. Chef's Flour vs. Nuvola: Which Bag to Buy

Caputo Pizzeria vs. Chef's Flour vs. Nuvola: Which Bag to Buy

Caputo is the most recognized flour brand in pizza making. Walk into any Neapolitan pizzeria — in Naples, New York, or Tokyo — and you'll likely find...

Best Flour for Pizza Dough: Tipo 00, Bread Flour, and Everything Between

Best Flour for Pizza Dough: Tipo 00, Bread Flour, and Everything Between

Flour is the foundation of every pizza dough, and choosing the wrong one for your style and oven is a mistake that no amount of technique can overcome....

Baker's Percentages Explained: The Only Way to Read a Pizza Dough Recipe

Baker's Percentages Explained: The Only Way to Read a Pizza Dough Recipe

If you have ever tried to replicate a pizza recipe and gotten a completely different result, the problem is almost certainly how the recipe was...

Autolyse for Pizza Dough: Why Resting Before Kneading Works

Autolyse for Pizza Dough: Why Resting Before Kneading Works

The autolyse is the least intuitive step in dough-making. You mix flour and water, then you walk away. No yeast yet. No salt. Just flour and water...